The pharmaceutical industry employs several vacuum controlled processes that separate ingredients without degrading them.
Some of the processes are
Drying
Sterilization
Degassing
Vacuum Distillation
Crystallization
Lyophilization/sublimation/freeze drying
Pressure.Vacuum pumps are valued for the extent of vacuum they can reach and for the volume of gas they can pump in a unit of time. Actually two or more different types of pumps may be needed to be used in series to attain the desired degree of vacuum .In the rotary oil-seal pump , gas is sucked into the first chamber through the opening intake port by the rotor. A sliding vane partitions the first chamber from the second chamber. The compressed gas that has been moved from one position to another is pushed out of the exit port through the valve, which prevents the gas from flowing back. The valve and the rotor contact point are oil-sealed. Since each revolution sweeps out a fixed volume, it is called a constant-displacement pump.
Other mechanical pumps are the rotary blower pump, which operates by the propelling action of one or more rapidly rotating lobe like vanes, and the molecular drag pump, which operates at very high speeds, as much as 16,000 rpm. Pumping is accomplished by imparting a high momentum to the gas molecules by the impingement of the rapidly rotating body.
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